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KMID : 1036820160210010098
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Communication Sciences & Disorders
2016 Volume.21 No. 1 p.98 ~ p.110
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Words in Storybooks as Children’s Language Input Environment: Predicates
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Han Min-Kyung
Seong Si-Yeon
Choi Sou-Jin
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Abstract
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the types and tokens of predicates in storybooks and to provide suggestions on the use of storybook predicates in research and clinical practice.
Methods: Twenty-six books from each age group of 0-2, 3-4, and 5-7 years were selected, totaling 78 storybooks. Morphological analysis was conducted on 5,388 utterances containing predicates including verbs (Verb), adjectives (Adj), auxiliary verbs (Aux Verb), auxiliary adjectives (Aux Adj), positive copular (P Copula), and negative copula (N Copula) in order to calculate the types and tokens of predicates across word classes and to determine the differences in the types and tokens of each word class across storybook age groups.
Results: In the selected storybooks predicates represented 25.9% and 18.7% of the total types and tokens, respectively, with types and tokens increasing with age. The order of types from greatest to smallest across word classes was Verb>Adj>Aux Verb>Aux Adj>P Copula=N Copula and the frequency of tokens was Verb>Adj>Aux Verb>P Copula>Aux Adj >N Copula. Across storybook age groups both type and token frequency for verbs increased significantly with age and decreased significantly for adjectives, and for auxiliary predicates the types decreased significantly with age whereas the token frequency increased significantly with age.
Conclusio: Results show that the type and token frequency of verbs and auxiliary verbs increases with age in these storybooks. Thus, storybooks provide a language input environment that may positively influence syntactic development in children.
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KEYWORD
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Predicates, Storybooks, Morphological analysis, Type, Token
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